On July 14, 2021, the European Union announced the draft of the ‘Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism’ (CBAM) to prevent the relocation of high-carbon industries or the significant import of products from abroad that have not borne the cost of carbon pollution, resulting in ‘carbon leakage.’ Starting in 2027, carbon taxes will be officially levied on industries such as cement, electricity, fertilizers, steel, aluminum, chemical plastics, hydrogen, ammonia, and others based on their product carbon footprints. The scope of emissions covered includes both Category 1 (direct emissions) and Category 2 (energy indirect emissions).